论犯罪行为严重性的阶层性判断——中德刑法规范的比较性分析

On the Strata Determine of Seriousness of Crime: With Comparative Analysis of Stipulation in Criminal Law both in China and Germany

建立在不法基础上的行为严重性判断,作为判断依据的构成要件事实上并不能提供一个能够比较严重性的序列性概念。对此理论上努力的方向是,根据被害人生活质量受到的损害来判断行为的严重性。这一方面是因为生活质量标准本身具有类型性思考的可能性,另一方面是因为根据生活质量标准可以确定一个可比较性的序列。因此,以被害人生活质量受到的损害为标准可以实现对行为严重性的阶层性判断。该结论在中德刑法针对自然人实施的犯罪和针对组织体实施的犯罪中都能得到规范性的检验。

With basis of the lawless behavior, the constitutive elements cannot provide the sequential concept, with which the seriousness of crime can be determined. For this, the theoretical effort is to determine the seriousness of crime according to the damage to the quality of life. On the one hand, the standard for quality of life itself has the potential types of thinking; on the other hand, with the standard of quality of life, the comparative sequence can be available. Therefore, as the standard, the damage to the quality of life can be achieved on the seriousness of the behavior in the strata determine. This conclusion is proved in the crime against person, as well as against economic organization with stipulation in criminal code not only in Germany and also in China.