山东省三城市3～4年级小学生闲暇锻炼及静态活动分析

Status of exercise and sedentary activities in the leisure time among third and fourth grade pupils in three cities of Shandong province

目的了解山东省青岛市、泰安市、烟台市3-4年级小学生闲暇时锻炼、静态活动状况及影响因素。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法抽取青岛市、烟台市和泰安市2283名3-4年级小学生,采用自制问卷（包括基本情况、闲暇时参与锻炼情况、静态活动情况等）进行调查。采用Logistic模型分析不同城市、性别、对自身体重认识、对自身外形满意度、家长是否参与锻炼/静态活动时间是否过长等对小学生闲暇锻炼和静态活动的影响。结果三城市调查前一周闲暇时小学生锻炼参与率为65.9%,锻炼人群中中高强度锻炼天数为4天,平均每天锻炼时间为30 min。小学生闲暇时是否参与锻炼与地区、性别、对自身外形满意度、家长是否参与锻炼有关。闲暇时平均每天静态活动时间为0.9 h,平均每天静态活动时间2 h及以上的小学生占13.6%。小学生闲暇时静态活动时间过长与其对自身体重认识、家长静态活动时间过长有关。结论应同时加强小学生和家长的身体活动干预,进一步改善小学生的身体活动现状。

Objective To analyze the status and the influence factors of exercise and sedentary activities in the leisure time among third and fourth grade pupils in Qingdao, Tai＇ an and Yantai city of Shandong province. Methods With random cluster sampling, a total of 2283 primary students were selected from three cities of Shandong province. Questionnaires were used to collect the information on their exercise, sedentary activities. Results In the past week the participation rate of exercise in the leisure time among the pupils was 65.9%. Among the pupils who participated exercise, the average days of moderate and high-intensity exercise was four, and the average daily exercise time was 30 minutes. The average time of sedentary activities in the leisure time was 0.9 h/d, and the rate of 2 hours and over per day of sedentary activities was 13.6%. Pupils participating the exercise was related to their area, gender, their satisfaction of their body image and their parents＇ exercise. Their sedentary patterns was related to their understanding of their own body weight and their parents＇ sedentary behavior. Conclusion Intervention related to physical activity should be strengthened among pupils and their parents to promote their physical activity level.