基于文献的补益类中药临床应用不良反应分析

Analysis on Clinical Adverse Drug Reaction of Tonic Chinese Medicinal Herbs Based on Literature

目的分析补益类中药临床应用不良反应发生情况。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、Pubmed和Embase中1990年1月-2014年2月收录的补益类中药药物不良反应(ADR)相关文献,按纳入与排除标准选择文献、提取资料,并进行计量学分析。结果在378篇ADR报道中,最易引起ADR的补益类单味中药为何首乌、人参、枸杞子、黄芪,注射剂类分别为参麦注射液、生脉注射液、刺五加注射液,而其他中药制剂则以首乌片为最;ADR累及组织或系统方面,以皮肤组织、神经系统、消化系统损害常见,其相应临床症状以瘙痒、皮疹、头晕、意识不清、呕吐、恶心、肝功能异常为主。结论正确认识补益类中药的不良反应,有助于临床合理用药,规避风险。

Objective To analyze the occurrence of clinical adverse drug reaction （ADR） of tonic Chinese medicinal herbs. Methods Articles about ADR of tonic Chinese medicinal herbs reported from January 1990 to February 2014 were collected from databases of CNKI, VIP, CBM, Pubmed and Embase according to incorporation and exclusion standard. Metrology analysis was also conducted. Results Totally 378 effective articles showed tonic Chinese medicinal herbs most likely to induce ADR were as follows：individual Chinese medicinal herbs including Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Lycii Fructus and Astragali Radix;injection containing Shenmai Injection, Shengmai Injection and Acanthopanax Injection;other herbal preparation covering Polygoni Multiflori tablets. The most common ADR involved the damage on skin tissue, nervous system and digestive system, with prominent relevant clinical symptoms such as itching, skin rash, dizziness, unconsciousness, nausea, vomiting, and liver dysfunction. Conclusion Correct understanding adverse reaction of tonic Chinese medicinal herbs will be conducive to rational drug use and avoiding risk.