大足地区儿童呼吸道病毒感染病原学分析

Etiological analysis of children with respiratory tract viral infection in Dazu district

目的了解大足地区住院患儿常见呼吸道病毒感染病原体及其感染特点。方法对2013年2月至2014年4月共7 403例因呼吸道感染收治住院患儿进行回顾性分析,采用直接免疫荧光法检测患儿鼻咽分泌物中的7种常见呼吸道病毒,同时检测患儿肺炎支原体感染情况。分析不同性别、年龄段、季度患儿病毒感染率及合并肺炎支原体感染情况。结果 (1)7 403份标本中检测出病毒阳性1 315例(17.76%),各病毒阳性率分别为呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)8.63%、腺病毒(ADV)1.49%、流感病毒A(IVA)1.99%、流感病毒B(IVB)1.24%、副流感病毒(PIV)Ⅰ1.35%、PIVⅡ0.41%、PIVⅢ2.66%。检出肺炎支原体阳性750例(10.13%)。(2)不同性别呼吸道病毒感染差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.746,P>0.05),而不同年龄及季节呼吸道病毒感染差异有统计学意义(χ2=58.124,P<0.01;χ2=428.724,P<0.01)。(3)检出病毒混合感染阳性标本17例(0.23%)。单一病毒合并肺炎支原体感染168例(13.11%),IVA、IVB及PIVⅡ型感染合并肺炎支原体感染率较高,分别为18.75%、25.27%和17.86%。结论儿童呼吸道病毒感染率与年龄和季节密切相关,且病毒感染后患儿合并肺炎支原体感染率较高。

Objective To investigate the etiological situation and infection characteristics of common respiratory tract viral infection in hospitalized children in Dazu district.Methods Retrospective analysis were conducted in 7 403 children with respiratory tract viral infection from February 2013 to April 2014,seven common respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal secretions were detected by direct immunefluorescence assay,meanwhile Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected.The incidence of virus infection and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were analyzed in different gender,age and season.Results Among the 7 403 specimens,the positive rate of virus infection were 17.76% （1 315 cases）.Positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,adenovirus（ADV）,influenza virus A（IVA）,influenza virus B（IVB）,parainfluenza（PIV）Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were 8.63% ,1.49% ,1.99% ,1.24% ,1.35% ,0.41% ,2.66% .There were 750 patitents with positive results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Virus infection in different gender had no significant different（χ2=0.746,P〉0.05）,but virus infection in different ages（χ2=58.124,P〈0.01）and seasons（χ2=428.724,P〈0.01）were statistical different.Mixed virus infection accounts for 0.23% （17 cases）.Detection rate of single virus infection mixed Mycoplasma pneumoniae was 13.11% （168 cases）,the co-infection rate of IVA,IVB or PIV Ⅱwith Mycoplasma pneumoniae were 18.75% ,25.27% and 17.86% respectively.Conclusion The infection rate of respiratory tract virus is correlated with age and season,and the virus infection complicated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is relatively higher.