蜜蜂白垩病的草药防治研究

Pathogenesis Condition and Herbal Control of Honeybee Ascospherosis

以意大利蜜蜂和蜜蜂球囊菌为主要试验材料,通过记录外界温湿度、幼虫脾的温湿度、蜂群的储蜜量和储粉量以及发病幼虫数,研究养蜂生产中白垩病发病时上述指标的变化趋势,并进行了相关性分析;以桧木、喜久二醇、黄藤碱和蛇床四种中草药制剂以及蜜蜂球囊菌为主要的试验材料,研究实验室条件下这四种中草药制剂对蜜蜂球囊菌生长的抑制作用。结果显示:试验组内,外界湿度、幼虫脾温度、储蜜量与发病幼虫数之间的相关性显著;对照组内,外界湿度与发病幼虫数之间的相关性显著;在6.5%、5.0%、3.5%、2.0%和0.5%5个浓度的药剂溶液中,喜久二醇、黄藤碱、蛇床3种中草药制剂对蜜蜂球囊菌没有抑制作用;而桧木在5.0%的溶液浓度上表现出一定的抑菌作用。结果表明,蜜蜂白垩病的发病与食物储蜜量、外界湿度和幼虫脾温度有关,而蜂群的食物储备量是导致白垩病发生的关键诱发因素;桧木中草药制剂对蜜蜂球囊菌的生长有一定的抑制作用。

Taking Italian bees and bee balloon bacteria as the main test materials, the outside temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity of the larvae of spleen, honey and powder store and the attacked larvae number were recorded, change of the above-mentioned indicators during pathogenesis in beekeeping production studied, and their correlation analyzed by SPSS13.0. Besides, cypress, hei long diol, daemonorops margaritae al- kali and cnidium monnieri herbal medical preparations and their inhibiting effect to bees balloon bacteria were inves- tigated in laboratory conditions. Results showed that there revealed a significant correlation among the spleen tem- perature, humidity and larvae honey storage and number of attacked larvae in the experimental group In the con- trol group, the humidity and the incidence of larvae correlated significantly In solutions with five concentration of 6.5 %, 5.0 %, 3.5 %, 5.0% and 0.5 %, heilong diol, daemonorops margaritae alkali, cnidium monnieri herbal medical preparations effected no inhibition to bees balloon bacteria cypress displayed a certain bacteriostasis at so- lution concentration of 5 0%. The results proved that bee ascopherosis correlated with food honey store, outside hu- midity and larvae spleen temperature, among which food reserves is the key to induce ascopherosis Cypress herbal preparations exerted certain inhibitory effect to the bees balloon bacteria growth.