热水器生命周期环境影响评价模型及其应用研究

Environmental Impact Evaluation Model for Water Heater Life Cycle and Its Application

在现有热水器环境影响评价方法比较的基础上,用生命周期环境影响评价方法建立热水器的环境影响评价模型,计算分析热水器产品资源消耗、臭氧耗竭、能源强度和全球变暖四个指标,分析评价结果表明,四个指标在生命周期贡献值大小依次是臭氧耗竭、全球变暖、能源强度和资源消耗。热水器环境影响较大的零部件有压缩机、制冷剂、电机和铜管等。并对比分析了四种环境影响评价方法,得出生命周期环境影响评价模型是较为全面的评价模型。

Based on the exist environmental influence assessment method of the water heater, the paper establishes a environ- mental influence assessment model from the perspective of life cycle. It calculates and analyeses four indicators - the products＇ en- ergy consumption, ozone depletion, energy intensity and global warming. The results indicate that the contribution of the four indicators in life cycle in a descending order is ozone depletion, global warming, energy intensity and resource consumption. The water heater parts that have major influence on environmental are the compressor, the refrigerant, the motor and the brass. This paper also compared four environmental impact assessment methods, concluding that the life cycle environmental impact assessment model has optimal effects.