腹部常见恶性肿瘤患者的营养状况评估

Nutritional assessment of patients with common abdominal carcinoma

恶性肿瘤相关的营养不良可以理解为,因患者机体的营养需要、肿瘤本身的营养需求以及患者体内可用的营养之间的失衡所致的一种不良的营养状态.腹部肿瘤患者发生营养不良的风险极高,其机制为患者微观生化、临床特征及外科手术治疗的影响等三个方面.20世纪80年代,人们开始认识到评估患者营养状况的重要性,至今临床工作者已就此达成共识,并在以前研究成果的基础上总结出了一些公认的评估方法,如PG-SGA、NRS-2002等.应用这些评估方法研究发现,腹部肿瘤患者中发生营养不良的比例很高,不同的腹部肿瘤患者发生营养不良的比例也不相同.

It is considered that cancer-related malnutrition is caused by the imbalance of the nutritional consumption of patients,the tumor itself and the nutrient available internal.Patients with abdominal neoplasm have a great risk of getting malnutrition,which is resulting from the changes of their biochemical status,clinical symptoms and the impacts by surgery.In 1980s,people began to realize that it is important to assess the nutritional status of patients and now so do the most of doctors.Until now,there is some acceptable assessment questionnaire,by using which,we find that a large proportion of patients with abdominal cancer have malnutrition,and when it comes to different kind of abdominal cancer,the rate is not same.