从晚清禁烟思想变迁看近代中国经济改造方向

The Reform Orientation of Chinas Modern Economy Based on the Thinking Change of Opium Banning in Late Qing Dynasty

鸦片是中国近代各种矛盾的凝结物,是开启和强制中国走向发展陷阱的变异体。认识和解决近代中国的落后问题,必须深刻理解鸦片商品的特殊本质,由此认知中国经济改造的方向。自18世纪以来,清廷就已开始戒烟,第一次鸦片战争前,"弛禁"与"严禁"发生碰撞,"严禁"完全胜出;第一次鸦片战争至甲午战争期间,"寓征为禁"成为主流;甲午战争之后,"严禁"又被重新确立,并且禁烟的意义被提升到了前所未有的地位,单纯的禁烟思想演变为关乎全局、探索富强道路的思想。只有突破传统思维习惯与既定政治框架,才可能得出近代中国经济改造的可行出路。

Opium is the cause for different kinds of contradictions in modern China, and it is a variation that opened and forced China to go towards development trap. To understand and solve the backward situation of modern China, we should understand the special nature of opium as prod- uct to find the reform orientation of China＇s economy. Since the 18th century,the Qing dynasty began to ban the opium smoking and trade. Before the first Opium War,＂ opium ban lifting＂ and ＂ opium banning＂ had serious contradictions, with ＂opium banning＂ took the leading role; from the first Opium War to the Sino -Japanese war, the ＂opium smoking and trade became legal with tax paid＂ became the mainstream;after the Sino -Japanese War,＂ opium banning＂ found its position again, and the meaning of opium banning had unprecedented development, the mere opium banning thinking evolved into the thinking concerning the whole situation and the way for the country to be rich and prosperous. Only by breaking the traditional thinking methods and the established political framework, can we find the feasible way for modern China to make economic reform.