溶栓治疗在现代急性心肌梗死治疗中的作用与地位

Role and Status of Thrombolytic Therapy in Modern Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction

急性心肌梗死的主要原因是血栓栓塞引起的冠状动脉急性血流中断。溶栓治疗是通过溶解血管中的新鲜血栓使血管再通,从而部分或完全恢复组织和器官的血流灌注。溶栓治疗不但能开通闭塞的冠状动脉,而且能显著降低心肌梗死的病死率。现从溶栓治疗的现状、常用药物、适应证与禁忌证,以及溶栓与经皮冠状动脉介入术的比较等方面对溶栓治疗在现代急性心肌梗死治疗中的作用与地位做一综述。

Interruption of blood flow caused by acute coronary thrombosis is the main reason of acute myocardial infarction. Thrombo- lytic therapy dissolves fresh thrombus making blood vessels recanalization, which partially or completely restored blood flow in tissue and or- gan perfusion. Thrombolytic therapy is not only able to open occluded coronary arteries, but also can significantly reduce the mortality of my- ocardial infarction. This review focused on the role and status of thrombolytic therapy in the modern treatment of acute myocardial infarction, including actualities, commonly used drugs, indications and contraindications. The comparison between thrombolytic therapy and percutane- ous coronary intervention is discussed as well.