考虑分组策略的供应链一体化生产-配送模型

The Integrated Production-Distribution Inventory Model Considering Grouping Strategy in the Supply Chain

研究了供应链中单一生产商对多零售商的协调生产-配送策略问题。生产商配送单一产品给多个异质零售商,为了降低相关成本,根据零售商的订货周期将其分为两组,其中一组零售商的共同订货周期为T,另外一组零售商的订货周期为T/λ,而供应商的生产周期是KT(λ,K均为正整数)。供应链的目标是综合考虑供应商生产成本、配送成本、库存成本以及给所有零售商的补偿成本,并决策K和T以使得总成本最小。通过参数分析构建了两种情况下的一体化生产-配送决策模型,分析给出了其数学性质,得到了理论结果以确定最优决策,并说明了相关管理启示。通过数值对比分析,得出了分组配送策略可以改善供应链绩效的结论,并由此说明了模型的有效性。

We investigate a coordinating production-distribution strategy in the integrated supply chain with single-manufacturer distributing a single item to many heterogeneous retailers. For the purpose of decreasing operating cost of the supply chain, all the retailers are divided into two groups by the manufacturer according to their optimal ordering cycles, one group of the retailers~ common replenishment cycle isT and the other one isT/A,while the production cycle of the manufacturer isKT（A, Kare positive integer）. The objective of supply chain is to determine the optimal common ordering cycleTand the production multiplierK to minimize the total cost of the manufacturer,considering the set up cost, distribution cost, inventory holding cost as well as compensation cost systematically. Two distinct cases of the system are explored by analyzing the related parameters, and then the proper integrated production-distribution decision inventory models are established. After deriving the properties of the objective functions, several theoretical results are given to determine the optimal solution under various situations and expound the management implications of the strategy. Upon this, numerical examples and numerical comparison are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed model, and the calculation results show that the grouping strategy does offer the opportunity to improve the performance of the multi-buyer supply chain.