1990年代工业改革题材小说怀旧叙事审思——以张宏森的《车间主任》为中心

An Examination of Reminiscent Natration of Novels Concerning Industrial Reforms in the 1990s

1990年代的工业改革题材小说表现出浓厚的怀旧特征。究其实质,这一时期的怀旧叙事通过将革命史尤其是毛泽东时代道德化和理想化,表达了处于现实困境中的工人群体对精神家园的强烈渴望;通过"左翼"叙事及话语的策略,表达了在全球消费主义语境中修复工人群体文化认同的同一性及重建其历史合理性的努力。然而,这一叙事策略潜存着简单回到过去的可能性及未来精神向度的匮乏,在对过往时代精神的提取中未能规避其在原有语境中的负面文化效应,在为工人群体提供象征性抚慰的同时悬置了其主体精神的重建,甚而此种怀旧叙事有着被消费意识形态捕捉而成为迎合大众文化市场商品的可能性。

Novels concerning industrial reforms in the 1990s are strongly characteristic of nostalgia. In es- sence, the reminiscent narration in this period expresses the eagerness for spiritual life of workers in social dilemma through moralizing and idealizing the revolutionary history, especially the era of Mao Zedong and shows efforts in modifying the identity of workers＇ community culture and in reconstructing its ground of global consumerism through the strategy of Left Wing narration and historical rationality on the back- discourse. However, this narrative strategy latently has the possibility of simply going back to the past and lacking the spiritual dimension for future; this strategy cannot avoid the negative cultural effect of its original context when extracting from the spirits of the past era; it makes the reconstruction of its principal spirits suspended while offering a symbol comfort for workers. In addition, this reminiscent narration can possibly be captured by consumers＇ ideology and then becomes a cultural merchandize catering for the taste of public.