我国某河流域肿瘤高发地区消化道肿瘤死亡率环境影响因素流行病学研究

Environmental Impacting Factors Digestive Tract Cancer Death Rate in High Cancer Incidence Area of Central China

目的通过对研究地区进行人群生活方式、环境污染状况等因素分别进行调查和比较,了解消化道肿瘤死亡率的环境影响因素。方法选择我国中部某河流域肿瘤高发地区为研究对象,在消化道肿瘤死亡率的高聚集区和低聚集区,选取767个村的3 475户家庭,采用家庭户问卷调查方法对饮用水情况、食品卫生与饮食习惯、居住环境、农药化肥使用情况等方面进行调查。通过多因素Logistic回归分析评估环境影响因素与消化道肿瘤高发聚集的关系。结果高、低聚集区调查户生活饮用水、户厕位置与类型、生活污水排放方式、农药使用量等方面的构成在统计学上具有差异。结论饮水不经处理直接饮用、使用非卫生厕所、随意排放生活污水以及逐渐增大的农药使用量是调查区域消化道肿瘤高聚集的影响因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between environmental factors and digestive tract cancers in China by comparing the life style and the situation of environmental pollution in high and low incidence areas. Methods A river basin in central China with a high incidence of digestive tract cancer was selected as the study area. The sanitary status of drinking water, food hygiene and eating habits, living environment, the use of pesti- cides and fertilizers in 3475 households of 767 villages was evaluated by questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and the clustering of digestive tract cancers. Result Characteristics on the hygienic status of drinking water, family toilet, wastewater discharge system and the usage of pesticides between digestive tract cancer clustering area and low incidence area were different statistically. Conclu- sion Drinking water without treatment, using non - sanitary toilet, discharging wastewater freely and increasing usage of pesticide were environmental factors causing the clustering of digestive tract cancers in the study area.