国际自然资源资产管理体制概览

Outline of International Asset Management of Natural Resources

因经济体制和历史传统,各国自然资源资产管理体制复杂多样。但各国普遍实行自然资源公有、收益共享以及"谁所有-谁管理-谁收益"的制度。政府在自然资源管理中兼具多重角色和定位。自然资源资产管理是自然资源行政管理的一部分,与自然资源行政管理的各环节密不可分。国际上鲜见将土地、矿产和林业等各门类资源与资产管理相分离,且将资源与资产各自集中到不同部门进行管理的情况。

Because of different economic systems and historical traditions, the asset managements of natural resources of various countries are diverse. However, most countries implement the system of the public ownership of natural resources, revenue sharing and the system of ＂who owns-who manages-who gains＂. Governments play multiple roles and are multi- positioning. Asset management of natural resources is a part of natural resource administrative management and can not be separated from each link of the latter. It is rarely seen that land, mineral resource and forest management are separated from asset management, and that resource and asset management functions are concentrated in different departments.