粉尘螨滴剂治疗不同年龄段变应性鼻炎患者的临床疗效

Curative effect of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops on patients with allergic rhinitis at different ages

目的探讨粉尘螨滴剂特异性免疫疗法在不同年龄段变应性鼻炎(Allergic rhinitis,AR)患者中的应用效果。方法选取收治的AR患者168例,按年龄分为A^E 5组,采用舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗6~18个月。对治疗前和治疗6、12和18个月后所有患者的鼻部症状、体征评分和不良反应进行对比分析。结果不同年龄组患者在治疗6个月后体征和症状评分均显著降低(P<0.05),各组间比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,5组患者的显效率均为100%。5组患者共发生不良反应5例,其中A组1例发生低烧,C组2例哮喘发作,E组2例出现胃肠道不适。治疗12、18个月巩固治疗阶段均无严重不良反应发生,且无复发患者。结论舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂是治疗AR安全有效的方法,方便,无严重不良反应,可在临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the curative effect of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops on patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） at different ages. Method 168 AR patients were divided into A-E groups according to ages. Sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops was used to treat all patients. The sniffle scores, sign scores and side effect were recorded before and 6, 12, 18 months after treatment. Results 6 months later, sniffle scores and sign scores of five groups all significantly decreased（P〉0.05）, there was no significant difference among groups （P〈0.05）. The efficient rate in all five groups were 100%. 5 cases of patients were found to show side effects, among which 1 case of low fever in groupA, 2 cases of gastrointestinal symptoms in group E and 2 ca- ses of asthma in group E. No sever side effect was observed. 12 18 months after treatment, there were no serious adverse reactions and no recurrence patients occurred. Conclusion Sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops is an efficient method for AR treatment with wide age range.