妇产儿童医院护理人员职业防护知识掌握差异的影响因素

The influence factors of Knowledge,Attitude and Practices Regarding occupational protection among Nurses in the Women's and Children's Hospitals

目的寻求有效的方法以增长妇产儿童中心医院护理人员的职业防护知识,提高其职业防护意识,促进其职业防护行为。方法通过对成都市妇产儿童中心医院的679名护理人员进行职业防护知识、态度和行为问卷调查,以了解679名护理人员职业防护知识、态度和行为的影响因素。结果 1医院级别、教育背景、科室和职务是护理人员职业防护知识的影响因素(均P<0.05)。2医院级别是护理人员职业防护态度的影响因素(P<0.05)。3不同级别医院护理人员职业防护知识得分差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。4用LSD法两两比较显示,部级医院和市级医院、部级医院和区级医院,省级医院和市级医院及省级医院和区级医院护理人员职业防护知识得分差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.030,P=0.016)。5不同教育背景护理人员职业防护知识得分差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),两两比较结果显示,本科以上学历和大专学历、本科以上学历和中专学历、大专学历和中专学历护理人员职业防护知识得分差异均有统计学意义(P=0.014,P=0.000,P=0.000),随着学历增高,护理人员职业防护知识得分也增高。6护士长较普通护理人员职业防护知识得分高(P=0.000)。结论应加强对市区级医院和低学历护理人员的职业防护知识培训,进一步改善护理人员职业防护态度,全面提高护理人员职业防护行为的依从性。

Objective To analyze the influence factors that may impact knowledge, attitude and practices regarding occupational protection among nurses in the Women＇s and Children＇s Hospitals. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was used to investigate nurses＇ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding occupational protection among 679 nurses. Results Univariate analysis showed that hospital levels, individual educational background, professional rank, title of the nurse, and previous occupational training are factors influencing scores of knowledge（P〈0.05） ; hospital level may impact the attitude（P= 0. 006）; hospital level, individual education background and professional rank et al had no impact on the practices of occupational protection （P〉0.05） ; Multiple linear regression highlight hospital level , educa- tional background title of nurses, are statistically significant influential factors for knowledge of occupational protection; Analysis of variance （ANOVA） showed significant difference in knowledge between nurses of national level hospital and city level hospital（P= 0. 000）,between nurses of national level hospital and county level hospital（P= 0. 000）, between nurses of province level hospital and city level hospital（P=0. 030）, between nurses of province level hospital and county level hospital（P=0. 016） ; nurses with higher degrees scored the higher scores in the knowledge（P〈0.05） ; nurse man- ager scored the higher in the knowledge scores than nuese（P=0. 000）. Conclusion It＇s necessary to attach more impor- tance to the training on occupational protection for nurses from city or county level hospital and with lower educational level. Nevertheless it is also very important to address attitude of nurses to achieve better behavior compliance of occupa- tional protection as well.