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导管相关性血流感染的国外预防研究进展 被引量:30

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摘要 随着临床医疗护理技术的发展,侵入性血管内置管技术成为医疗实践中不可或缺的部分,被广泛应用于血流动力学监测、血液透析以及注射血液制品、药物、全肠外营养等方面。伴随使用量的增加,包括导管相关血流感染在内的并发症也不断出现。导管相关性血流感染(catheter related bloodstream infections,CRBSI)是指留置血管内装置患者出现细菌血症或真菌血症,经外周静脉抽取血液培养至少1次结果阳性,同时伴有感染症状(如发热、寒颤和低血压)且除导管外,无其他明显的血行相关血流感染源。1项瑞士的研究显示,导管相关性血流感染在新生儿病房导致平均7d的住院时间延长,额外增加费用10440美元[1];在美国,ICU每年发生80000例导管相关性血流感染,在院的发生例次超过250000,这些感染独立增加住院费用并延长住院日[2],甚至可能导致心内膜炎和骨髓炎[3],且有12%~25%的病死率被归因于此[4]。导管相关性血流感染导致高昂的临床成本,如何控制并降低其发生率,改善患者预后,涉及医疗保健专业人士、感染控制人员、医疗管理人员、护理人员等等。现根据国内外研究成果就其危险因素、病原学特点、来源及其预防措施综述如下。
出处 《护理学报》 2015年第10期26-30,共5页 Journal of Nursing(China)
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参考文献48

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