98名养老护理员的工作压力源工作疲溃感及其相关性分析

Job Stressors and Burnout among Aged-care Nurses

目的明确养老护理员的工作压力源,了解工作疲溃感程度,分析二者的相关性。方法采用养老护理员压力源调查表、工作疲溃感量表,对泸州市98名养老护理员进行问卷调查,对2个量表得分进行统计描述,并做相关性分析。结果本组养老护理员压力源(2.63±0.25)分,为中度压力水平。工作疲溃感也处于中等水平,情感耗竭(24.91±5.38)分,工作冷漠感(12.00±4.18)分,工作无成就感(21.04±5.75)分;排名前3位的压力源条目依次为:工作负担过重、工资待遇及发展前景不好、老人不合作及护理风险。压力源均与工作疲溃感中的情感耗竭和工作无成就感呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论工作负担过重、工资待遇不好、老人不合作及护理风险3个压力源是导致养老护理员疲溃感的主要原因;提示政府应出台相关政策增加行业吸引力,解决人力资源不足的问题,同时通过改善工资待遇,加大职业发展空间,加强科学管理等方法减少压力,减轻养老护理员的工作疲溃感。

Objective To describe the main job stressors and to show the relationship between job stressors and the level of burnout among aged-care nurses. Methods Ninety-eight aged-care nurses were investigated by Questionnaire of Stressors of Aged-care Nurses and Questionnaire of Burnout of Aged-care Nurses. Results The level of job stress was moderate with an average score of 2.63±0.25. The level of burnout was moderate as well with emotional exhaustion score of 24.91±5.38, depersonalization score 12.00± 4.18 and no-accomplishment score 21.04±5.75. The top three resources of job stress were as followed： overworked, low salary and no promotion, non-cooperation of the aged and nursing risk. The top job stressors had positive correlation with the emotional exhaustion and no-accomplishment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The important reasons of job burnout of the aged-care nurses are overworked, low salary and without promotion, non-cooperation of the aged and nursing risk. More aged-care nurses, the improvement of the salary and the career promotion, scientific management will contribute to decreasing the level of job stress and relieving the level of burnout of aged-care nurses.