水稻汞污染研究进展

Research progress of mercury pollution on rice

汞是一种全球性的污染物,具有不可降解、易迁移和生物积累等特性,在一定条件下可转化为毒性更大的甲基汞。水稻是重要的粮食作物之一,稻米对汞尤其是甲基汞有较强的富集能力,环境中的汞进入水稻体内可影响其正常生长,并通过食物链对人体产生危害。文章阐述了水稻中汞含量的现状,分析了水稻中汞的来源,阐明了汞对水稻毒性的生理生化效应,提出了降低水稻汞污染的调控措施;针对现阶段水稻汞污染研究的不足,展望了水稻汞污染机理和调控等方面的研究趋势。

Mercury（ Hg ） is a global pollutant,and it is non-degradable,easy to migrate and bioaccumulate in environment. Mercury may be methylated into extremely toxic methyl mercury （ MeHg）in certain condition. Rice is one of the most important crops,however,it also had strong ability of enrichment mercury,especially methyl mercury. Moreover,mercury in environment can enter into the rice plant and affect its normal growth,then cause hazard to human body through food chain. In this review,we expounded the present situation of mercury concentration in rice,summed up the sources of Hg in rice,summarized the physiological and biochemical toxicity of Hg to rice,and finally,put forward the available measures which could reduce mercury pollution to rice. Aiming at the shortcomings of the present studies, future researches about the mechanism and controlling methods of mercury contamination in rice were discussed.