水电工程坝肩高边坡岩体渗透特性的时空变化

Time and Space Change of Permeability for Rock Mass in Dam Abutment High Slopes of Hydropower Engineering

针对中国西南大型水利水电工程坝肩高陡边坡裂隙岩体,其渗透特性随地质历史、爆破削坡、加固、蓄水/泄洪、降雨等自然和施工过程而分布变化的时空特征,介绍了相关实验、理论模型、数值分析成果,评述了研究现状和进展。展示了为促进这个问题由定性向定量发展,众多研究者各自的探索与贡献。提出在应力-变形全过程、强卸荷施工、多场耦合、锚固喷浆、尺寸效应、三维模式和深部监测机制等方面,对边坡裂隙岩体的渗透特性随裂隙、节理、断层而损伤破裂演变的规律,亟需进一步深入开展研究。

With regard to the seepage characteristics of the fractured rock mass in the dam abutment high-steep slopes for large scale hydraulic and hydropower engineering in Southwest China,the experimental,theoretical models and numerical simulation study results about its time and space features in the distribution changes due to natural and construction process such as geological history,blasting excavation,support,impounding and flood discharge,rainfall,etc. are introduced. The current research state and progress is assessed. The probing efforts and contributions from researchers in this field,who desire to put this problem forward from qualitative to quantitative stage,are shown in the paper. It is proposed that in aspects of the mechanism like stress-strain whole process,intensive unloading,multiple field coupling,anchorage and shotcrete,scale effect,three dimensional pattern and monitoring in depth,further study is urgently needed in order to make the regularity clear about the evolution of permeability of fracture rock mass in slopes along the damage and failure surrounding cracks,joints and faults.