2011～2012年广州地区儿童腹泻病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Composition and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing infantile diarrhea in Guangzhou from2011 to 2012

目的：了解广州地区儿童细菌性腹泻主要病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法对2011～2012年疑似细菌性腹泻患儿大便标本进行细菌培养，分析病原菌分布特征及耐药性。结果2011～2012年共检出儿童腹泻病原菌416株，其中沙门菌属、致病性大肠埃希菌、空肠弯曲菌、白色念珠菌分别占53．61％、37．98％、5．29％、1．68％。主要病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药率分别为氨苄西林85．25％、复方磺胺甲噁唑54．28％、头孢噻肟44．70％、头孢曲松42．53％、氯霉素40．66％、头孢他啶23．55％、氨曲南23．36％、环丙沙星14．88％、头孢吡肟8．07％、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦7．99％、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦7．42％、亚胺培南0．00％。结论广州地区儿童腹泻病原菌以沙门菌属、致病性大肠埃希菌、空肠弯曲菌为主；敏感性排名前5位的抗菌药物为亚胺培南、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星。

Objective To explore the main pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance patterns in children with bacterial diar‐rhea from Guangzhou region .Methods Regular bacterial culture of stool samples from children with suspicious bacterial diarrhea was performed to isolate the pathogen during 2011 to 2012 ,followed by the analysis of its composition and serum type ,ward distri‐bution characteristics and drug resistance to 12 antimicrobacterial drugs .Results 416 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from diarrhea children during 2011-2012 ,in which salmonella ,enteropathogenic E .coli ,Campylobacter jejuni and Candida albicans isolates accounted for 53 .61% ,37 .98% ,5 .29% and 1 .68% respectively .Drug resistance rate of the main strains to 12 antimicrobi‐al agents was 85 .25% to ampicillin ,54 .28% to compound sulfamethoxazole ,44 .70% to cefotaxime ,42 .53% to ceftriaxone , 40 .66% to chloramphenicol ,23 .55% to ceftazidime ,23 .36% to aztreonam ,14 .88% to ciprofloxacin ,8 .07% to cefepime ,7 .99% to cefperazone/sulbactam ,7 .42% to piperacillin/tazobactam respectively ,and no resistance to imipenem was detected .Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhea mainly includes salmonella ,pathogenic e .coli ,campylobacter jejuni in children from guang‐zhou region ,the top five sensitive antimicrobial reagents for the main strains includes imipenem ,piperacillin/tazobactam ,cefpera‐zone/sulbactam ,cefepime and ciprofloxacin .