赖特的剥削与中间阶级理论评析

Comments on Wright's Theory of Exploitation and the "Middle Class"

赖特1有取舍地将马克思的剩余价值思想与罗默2的剥削理论相结合,形成了一种新的剥削理论。为了解决"中间阶级"的"矛盾定位"问题,他采用三重剥削维度,对当代资本主义社会的阶级结构进行定位分类。这是一种阶级与阶层相结合的研究方法,也是他试图将马克思和韦伯两种理论传统结合起来的产物。赖特的尝试出现了逻辑矛盾,呈现出思想的不彻底性,然而这些纰漏也不能抹杀赖特独树一帜的阶级思想在当代阶级理论研究中的重要地位。

Through drawing lessons from Marx＇s theory of surplus value and Roemer＇s general exploitation theory, Wright developed a new theory of exploitation. In order to solve the ＂contradictory locations＂ problem of the ＂middle class＂, he formed a typology of class location in capitalist society by using three exploitation dimensions. This was a new research method combining class and stratum, and also a new trying combining the two traditions of Marx and Weber. Wright＇s theory existed logical contradiction, which showed the thoroughness of his thoughts. Even of these, the significance of Wright＇s class theory could not be denied.