微生物修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展

Research Process on Treatment of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil by Microbial Remediation

近年来我国的经济发展水平取得了显著进步,人民生活状况得到明显改善。但是,由于工农业的发展越来越依赖于高能耗以及各种化学品的使用,导致环境污染也越来越严重,给居民生活及身体健康和经济的可持续发展带来重要影响与隐患。该研究在概述土壤重金属污染来源、特点、危害的基础上,介绍了我国土壤重金属的总体污染现状,阐述了主要重金属污染土壤修复技术的概念与原理,重点介绍了微生物修复包括生物吸附和富集作用、氧化还原作用、溶解和沉淀作用和微生物-植物相互作用等在重金属污染土壤修复领域的研究现状和进展。最后,展望了我国重金属污染土壤修复技术的发展趋势和研究方向,以期为我国重金属污染土壤的修复以及该领域的深入研究提供参考依据。

The economic development of China obtained outstanding promotion these years, and the living standards of people promoted obviously meantime. While the environmental pollution is increasingly severe, which has brought serious hidden dangers to people＇ s health and the sustainable development of economy. The sources, characteristics and harms of heavy metals in soil was summarized at first. Then the situations of heavy metals pollution in soil of China was presented. The research processes of microbial remediation in the fields of soil restoration contaminated by heavy metals was emphasized, following with the introduction about the concepts and principles of heavy metals contaminated soil remediation technologies. At last, the development trends and research orientation of heavy metals polluted soil remediation technologies was forecasted, in order to provide references for the further study on the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil.