世界银行治理结构改革与中国的应对策略

The Reform of the World Bank Governance Structure and China's strategies

世界银行在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用,但随着新兴经济体的崛起和近年来金融危机、债务危机频发,世界银行治理结构所存在的制度性缺陷显露无遗,相应改革势在必行。但是,由于世界银行具有公共组织与股份公司的双重属性,使得改革方向出现分歧,改革进程推进缓慢。从根本上说,世界银行改革中发达国家与发展中国家并不存在不可调和的利益冲突,在减贫等问题上双方存在着合作的基础。中国应积极推进世界银行治理结构改革:首先,必须明确"负责任、有作为的大国"定位,表现出推动改革的积极态度;其次,要紧密围绕"发展"主题,注重长远利益;再次,要加强对世界银行人事安排的参与;最后,要积极构建世界银行框架下发展中国家沟通与合作的正式协调机制。

The World Bank plays an important role in global economic governance. With the rise of emerging economies and frequent occurrence of financial crisis, institutional defects of the World Bank ’ s governance structure become more and more apparent. Therefore, corresponding reform is imperative. The biggest obstacle to reform is that the World Bank is not only public organization but also a corporation. The dual attributes lead to the disagreement on the reform direction. However, the conflict between the developed countries and the developing countries is not irreconcilable. They can cooperate on many issues, such as alleviating poverty. China should positively promote the reform of the World Bank governance structure. Firstly, China must clear the position of“responsible and capable power” and show a positive attitude to promote the reform. Secondly, closely focus on the theme of development and concern long-term interests. Thirdly, step up participation of personnel arrangements in the World Bank. Finally, actively build a formal coordination mechanism under which developing countries can communicate and cooperate with each other.