基于生态文明理念旅游发展方式的选择研究

Analysis on the Mode Choice of Tourism Development: Based on the Ecological Civilization Concept

党的十八大报告把"生态文明"和"加快经济发展方式转变"作为专门章节进行论述,并且指出"建设生态文明,是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计"。生态文明建设是一个系统工程,需要从经济、社会、生态和文化等方面综合考虑,大众旅游、生态旅游、低碳旅游、洛哈思旅游、旅游循环经济、可持续旅游等任何单一的发展方式都不是较好的旅游发展方式。文章基于生态文明理念提出SCELL旅游发展方式,即宏观层面以可持续旅游为发展方向和理念,中观层面大力发展旅游循环经济,推动产业循环型、融合化、集群化和制度化发展,在微观层面,对游客和居民倡导洛哈思消费方式,对旅游及相关企业进行生态化、低碳化设计,保护和传承传统文化,处理好企业、社区居民和游客关系,通过碳排放进行监测考核管理。

Ecological civilization construction is a systematic project that considers economy, society, ecology, culture and so on. Any a single development mode, for example, mass tourism, eco-tourism, low carbon tourism, LOHAS- tourism, tourism on circular economy, sustainable tourism, is not a better way of tourism development. This paper pointed out a tourism development mode on SCELL based on the ecological civilization concept. It makes sustainable tourism as a development guide and concept at macro-level and vigorously develops tourism on circular economy, at the same time, makes tourism industry circular, merged, clustering and institutionalized at meso-level. At micro-level, it proposes LOHAS-consumption pattern for all tourists and residents and proposes ecologicalization and low carbon for all tourism industries and those related enterprises which are monitored their carbon emissions in order to protect and inherit traditional culture and make the relations among businesses, residents and tourists better.