草原毒害草白喉乌头的化感作用

An Evaluation of Allelopathy in the Toxic Grassland Weed,Aconitum leucostomum

采用培养皿滤纸法,研究白喉乌头根、茎、叶的粉末,三氯甲烷提取物及水提取物在不同浓度下(0.01、0.02、0.05、0.10 g/m L)对受体植物高羊茅、草地早熟禾、垂穗披碱草和蒲公英幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,白喉乌头根、茎、叶的不同处理对受体植物的根长和苗高均具有抑制作用,其中三氯甲烷提取物的作用最弱,粉末次之,水提取物的抑制作用最强,说明其主效化感物质为水溶性化合物。白喉乌头各部位的化感作用强度无本质差异,表明其化感物质在植株各部位均有分布。

The allelopathic effect of powdered and chloroform and aqueous extracts from the root, stem and leaves of Aconi- tum leucostomum at O. 01,0. 02 ,0. 05 ,and 0.10 g/mL on the receptor plants,Festuca elata,Poa pratensis ,Elymus nutans and Taraxacum offtcinale were studied with the culture dish method. Allelochemicals from the root, stem and leaves of A. leucostomum inhibited root and seedling height of receptor plants. The lowest biological activity was observed with the chloroform extract,that of the powder was intermediate, and the aqueous extract was the most active,indicating that water - soluble compounds were the major allelochemicals of A. leucostomum. There was no difference in activity among plant parts of A. leucostomum,implying that its major allelochemicals are distributed throughout the plant.