抑郁性沉思:研究进展与前瞻

Advancements and Prospects of the Research on Depressive Rumination

沉思是一种对抑郁的反应方式,也是抑郁发作的重要风险因素,具有增加消极思维、降低问题解决的能力、减少社会支持以及加重抑郁症状等负面效应。关于沉思的本质及其和抑郁的关系机制,主要的理论解释有反应风格理论、元认知理论、注意模型和目标进展理论;此外,执行功能的缺陷也被认为是沉思发生的重要原因。未来研究中,研究者应注重采用新的研究方法,探索沉思的认知与神经机制,为沉思研究构建统一的理论框架;在此基础上,开发有效的沉思干预策略;此外,对沉思内涵的本土化思考和跨文化研究也是国内学者需关注的课题。

Rumination is a response to and an important risk factor in depression. It can enhance negative thinking, impair problem solving ability, erode social support and exacerbate depressive symptoms. The principal theories in explaining the relationship between the nature of rumination and depression may include response style theory, meta-cognitive theory, attentional model, and goal progress theory; besides, the deficiency in executive function is also considered an important reason for the occurrence of rumination. In future research, researchers should adopt new research method- ologies to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms in rumination, establish a unified theoretical framework, and, based upon these researches, develop effective strategies to intervene rumination. Researchers in China should also pay attention to the localization and cross-cultural studies of the content of rumination.