抑郁症患者情绪失调探析及其对治疗的启示

The Emotional Dysregulation of Depression and the Inspiration for Treatment

情绪调节是个体对情绪的发生、体验与表达施加影响的过程,是人类适应环境的重要认知功能,能够影响人的身心健康。抑郁症患者存在情绪障碍,其情绪反应模式异于正常个体,表现出负性情绪偏向、正性情绪缺乏或情绪不敏感的特点。行为学和脑成像方面的研究显示,抑郁症患者往往不能有效使用情绪调节策略调节负性情绪,他们在进行情绪调节时的大脑活动模式也异于正常个体。情绪调节障碍对抑郁症的作用路径主要有直接作用路径、中介作用路径和调节作用路径;而认知重评策略训练、情绪表达书写、认知训练和积极情绪干预有望成为抑郁症情绪调节干预的重要方法。

Emotion regulation is a process in which individuals influence their mood, experience and expression. It is also an important cognitive function for humans to adapt to the environment, and it promotes the development of peo- ple＇ s physical and mental health. Depressed patients may have mood disorder, and their emotional response patterns are different from those of normal individuals, showing negative emotion bias, lack of positive mood or insensitive characteristics. Behavioral and brain imaging studies have shown that people with depression often cannot effectively use emotion regulation strategies to adjust their negative mood, and their brain activity patterns of emotion regulation are also different from those of normal individuals. The paths of emotion regulation disorder affecting depression mainly include the direct pathway, the intermediary pathways, and regulating pathway. Meanwhile, cognitive reappraisal strategy training, emotional expression writing training and positive emotion intervention are expected to become important emotion regu- lation intervention methods for depression.