基于紧急状态下信息不对称性的人群模拟

Crowd simulation incorporating information asymmetry under emergency situations

人群模拟技术在模拟灾难发生时人群的疏散、预测突发事件等方面都有广泛的应用.本文基于智能体的人群模拟模型,针对紧急状态下室内空间提出了一种新的模型.由于室内空间内的不同群体对其结构的熟悉程度存在差异,这使得人群在选择疏散路径时存在多样性.基于该差异性本文提出了信息不对称性的概念.人群个体受到周围邻域内群体的影响而参考邻域内群体的运动趋势并结合自身属性形成倾向速度.倾向速度代表人群个体的运动趋势.求解倾向速度的过程由主观影响因子和客观影响因子控制.邻域群体构成了客观影响因子,而人群个体的属性则构成了主观影响因子.本文引入有限状态机逻辑来体现人群决策的改变.通过本文实验的模拟效果,证明了考虑信息不对称性在紧急状态下人群模拟中的必要性.

Crowd simulation technology is widely used in many aspects such as simulating the crowd e- vacuation during disasters, predicting emergency and so on. In this paper, the authors present a new model based on agent-based model to simulate the crowd behavior under emergency situations in a con- fined space. Agents differ in aspect of whether having the knowledge of the topological structure of the confined space, which brings in the variance of evacuation routes. In this paper, authors proposed the conception of information asymmetry. Crowd combines the effect of the neighborhood and itself to gen- erate the preferred velocity which indicates the motion trend. The solution process of preferred velocity is controlled by the neighborhood which is defined as the subjective factor, and the agent＇s attributes which is treated as the objective factor. At the same time, a finite state machine is employed to realize the decision changing. The information asymmetry is necessary in crowd simulation under emergency situations according to the experiments in this paper.