自下而上的目标管理模式在护理质量控制中的应用

The application of from-bottom-to-up objective management model in nursing quality control

目的 探讨自下而上的目标管理模式在护理质量控制中的应用效果.方法 选取我院的8个外科科室为研究对象.2012年6月至2013年6月采用传统的目标管理方法,此期间收治的8 004例（9 453例次）患者作为对照组;2013年7月至2014年7月采用自下而上的目标管理模式,此期间收治的8 169例（9 603例次）患者作为实验组.通过问卷调查、电话回访、记录统计等方法对2组的护理工作质量和持续改进项目进行分析比较.结果 患者对护士的服务态度、专业技能水平的满意度、对责任护士的知晓率实验组高于对照组[95.56％（7 806/8 169）,95.19％（7 776/8 169）,97.17％（7 938/8 169）比93.22％（7 461/8 004）,92.62％（7 413/8 004）,84.60％（6 771/8 004）,均P＜0.01];患者投诉和护理不良事件的发生例次实验组明显低于对照组（46、16例次比85、39例次,x2=9.783,7.401,均P＜0.01）.结论 采用自下而上的目标管理模式能够培养护理人员的自我控制能力和创新意识,从而提高护理工作质量.

Objective To study the application effects of from-bottom-to-up objective management model in nursing quality control.Methods Eight surgical departments in our hospitals were selected as research objects.Traditional objective management model was applied in the control group （8 004 cases,9 453 visiting times） from June 2012 to June 2013.From-bottom-to-up objective management model was applied in the experimental group （8169 cases,9 603 visiting times） from July 2013 to July 2014.Nursing work quality and continuous improvement projects were compared between two groups by questionnaire survey,a return visit by telephone and statistical evaluation.Results The satisfaction of patients with nurses＆#39; service attitudes and professional technology level and the awareness of patients about major nurses in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group [95.56% （7 806/8 169）,95.19% （7 776/8 169）,97.17% （7 938/8 169） vs.93.22% （7 461/8 004）,92.62% （7 413/8 004）,84.60% （6 771/8 004）,allP〈0.01].Patient complaints and the incidence of nursing adverse events in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group （46,16 cases vs.85,39 cases,x2=9.783,P〈0.01）.Conclusions Applying from-bottom-to-up objective management model could cultivate self-control abilities and innovation awareness of nurses,which can improve nursing work quality.