老年腹膜透析患者社会支持、应对方式与自我感受负担的相关性研究

The research about relationship among social support, coping styles and self-perceived burden of elderly patients with peritoneal dialysis

目的 了解老年持续不卧床腹膜透析患者自我感受负担现状,并探讨其自我感受负担与社会支持、应对方式的相关性.方法 采用自行设计的一般情况调查表、自我感受负担量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式问卷,对门诊随访的103例老年持续不卧床腹膜透析患者进行调查.结果 老年腹膜透析患者的自我感受负担处于中度水平,其总分为（36.67±3.67）分;社会支持总分、积极应对和消极应对得分分别为（40.27±5.83）、（1.69±0.26）、（1.80±0.40）分,与国内常模的（34.56±3.73）、（1.78±0.52）、（1.59±0.66）分相比差异有统计学意义,P＜0.01.相关分析发现,自我感受负担与积极应对方式得分、社会支持总分、客观支持得分、主观支持得分、社会支持利用度得分均呈负相关,r值分别为-0.239、-0.668、-0.725、-0.252、-0.647,P＜0.05或＜0.01.结论 医护人员需激发老年腹膜透析患者充分利用社会资源,并引导其采取积极的态度应对透析事件,可使其心理长期处于良好状态,降低患者自我感受负担.

Objective To examine the status of self-perceived burden in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and explore the relationships among social support,coping styles and self-perceived burden.Methods 103 elderly patients with peritoneal dialysis of outpatient follow-up were recruited.They were investigated using Self-Perceived Burden Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire.Results The total score of self-perceived burden was at a moderate level and the average score was （36.67±3.67）.The total score of social support,the average score of positive coping and negative coping were （40.27±5.83）,（1.69±0.26）,（1.80±0.40）,then the difference was statistically significant when compared with domestic norm （34.56±3.73）,（1.78±0.52）,（1.59±0.66） （P〈0.05）.The analysis found that self-perceived burden was negatively correlated with positive coping styles,social support and each dimension （r =-0.239,-0.668,-0.725,-0.252,-0.647,P〈0.05）.Conclusions Medical personnel should inspire elderly patients to make full use of social resources and guide them to take positive attitude to deal with dialysis event.It would help them maintain well psychological condition for a long time and reduce the self-perceived burden of patients.