月面机器人探测路线图及典型方案研究

Research on the Roadmap and Typical Scenarios of Lunar Surface Robot Exploration

月面机器人具有环境适应性好、工作时间长和安全性高等特点,是未来无人/载人月面探测中的重要支持系统。在分析整理国内外月面机器人探测历史与规划的基础上,梳理月面机器人探测任务需求。结合中国探月工程总体规划和技术水平,提出月球南极、中低纬度和月球背面月面机器人探测的路线图,并从科学价值、工程可行性等方面对各阶段着陆地点进行初选;详细阐述以水冰探测和生物学实验为主要目标的月球南极Shackleton山跨明暗界线探测方案,以及以人机联合探测、大深度地质钻探为特色的中低纬度海陆边界区探测的任务目标和系统方案,可为探月任务的实施提供参考和启示。

Compared to expensive manned lunar exploration,robot exploration can carry out more sorts of works safely and consistently,such as roving exploration,in-situ sampling,maintenance,and carrying heavy cargoes,et al.After analyzing foreign countries＇ histories and future plans of lunar surface robot exploration,three trends are summered up,and seven requirements are classified.Three phases of lunar South Pole exploration,middle-low latitude exploration and lunar far-side exploration are proposed based on our country ＇s lunar exploration overall planning and aero-space technique level,and landing sites are primarily selected from the views of scientific value and engineering feasibility.At last,requirements analyzing and scenarios designs of Shackleton mountain exploration and middle-low latitude exploration are detailed,which can be used to as proposals for our country＇s future lunar surface exploration.