不同经营模式对华北落叶松人工林林下植被的影响

Effects of Different Forest Management Model on Undergrowth Vegetation of Larix Principis-rupprechtii Plantations

[目的]探究华北落叶松人工林在不同林龄下的健康经营模式,并对其经营效果进行评价。[方法]以内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗旺业甸林场华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,以林下植被盖度、多样性指数、生物量为指标,对照无干扰经营模式,研究常规经营模式和近自然经营模式对华北落叶松人工林林下植被的影响。[结果](1)在幼龄林阶段,无干扰经营模式有利于林下植被多样性的发展,常规经营模式有利于获取最大生物量;(2)在中龄林阶段,无干扰经营模式的林下植被多样性最高,近自然经营模式的林下植物种类、盖度、生物量最大;(3)在近熟林阶段,近自然经营模式的林下植被种类、盖度、多样性指数、生物量均大于常规经营模式和无干扰经营模式。[结论]开展华北落叶松人工林抚育经营活动时,应依据林龄和经营目标,选择制定最适宜的经营方案。

[Objective]The objective was to find out health management of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation under different forest age and to evaluate the effects of management conducted at present.[Methods]The study was carried out in Wangyedian forest farm of Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia.The coverage,diversity index and biomass were chosen as the indicators of vegetation condition.The impacts of conventional management and close-to-nature forest management on undergrowth vegetation of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation were assessed by taking the no disturbance forest management as reference.[Results]（1）At young forest stage,no disturbance management was found good for the development of diversity of undergrowth vegetation,and conventional management was proved beneficial to gain maximum biomass;（2）The diversity of undergrowth vegetation of no disturbance management had its maximum at half-mature forest stage,and the vegetation type,coverage,biomass of undergrowth vegetation of close-to nature forest management were the maximum;（3）At near-mature stage,vegetation type,coverage,diversity index and biomass of undergrowth vegetation were all larger than those of no disturbance management and conventional management.[Conclusion]Measures suitable to the stand age,management aim should be made in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation management.