库姆塔格沙漠及周边地表覆被变化监测

Monitoring of Land Cover Change in Kumtag Desert and Surrounding Area

[目的]研究库姆塔格沙漠及周边区域地表覆被变化状况。[方法]通过遥感技术对库姆塔格沙漠及周边区域的地表覆被变化状况进行监测,并对该区1990年代、2000年代和2010年代的TM影像进行处理和分类,而后应用ArcGis软件对3期数据进行对比分析。[结果](1)该地区植被面积一直在增长,但仍然占很小比重,戈壁与裸地则占很大比重;(2)沙漠面积经历一个先增长后减少的过程,总体仍是增长;(3)湿地的稳定性最差,湿地的变动取决于水分的积聚与流失。[结论]人类已经着手改善该地生态环境,并取得一定效果。山地和库姆塔格沙漠南缘是绿化和防沙治沙的重点区域。

[Objective]To analyze land cover change in Kumtag Desert and its surrounding area.[Method]Remote sensing was applied to monitor land cover change in reseach area,and the TM images of the study area in 1990 s,2000sand 2010 swere processed,three maps of land cover classification were separately obtained.The three maps were compared mainly on the changes in vegetation and desert using ArcGIS software.[Result]（1）Vegetation increased in area,but it only covered a small proportion of all the land area;a large proportion was covered by gobi and bare land;（2）Desert area increased in the first decade and decreased in the second decade.Overall,it increased as the former outweighed the later;（3）Wetlands had the most serious vulnerability,because its changes depend on the accumulation and water loss.[Conclusion]Human beings started to improve the ecological environment,and achieved some success.The south margin of Kumtag Desert of the mountainy land are the key areas needed to be controlled and protected of desertification,and to be revegetated.