多情景下耕地生态效益支付和受偿意愿特征分析

Characteristics of Cultivated Land Ecological Benefits Willingness to Pay and to Accept Based on Multiple Scenarios

[目的]分析耕地生态效益支付意愿(WTP)和受偿意愿(WTA)的不对称性与差异性,为耕地生态效益表征指标的选取提供依据。[方法]以焦作市耕地生态效益测算为例,在多情景下,基于条件价值评估法(contingent valuation method,CVM)开展研究。[结果](1)WTP和WTA具有选择的差异性。在不同情景下,农户和城镇居民的受偿意愿均高于其支付意愿;(2)WTP和WTA具有分布的差异性。在不同情景下,WTP累积概率分布曲线明显位于WTA累积概率分布曲线上方;(3)WTP和WTA具有离散程度的不对称,WTA的离散程度明显高于WTP的离散程度,受访者对WTP的支付区间小于WTA的受偿区间;(4)WTP和WTA比值具有不对称性。受访城镇居民在不同情景下的WTA与WTP比值一般小于农户在不同情景下的WTA与WTP比值。[结论]结合不同情景下WTP和WTA不对称性与差异性,依据持有效应、耕地生态效益的非唯一性、WTA/WTP波动的差异性,可选取WTP作为CVM多情景下耕地生态效益测算的表征指标。

[Objective]This paper presented the asymmetry and dissimilarity of willingness to pay（WTP）and willingness to accept（WTA）in order to provide selective advices for measuring indicators of cultivated land ecological benefits.[Methods]Taking the ecological benefits measurement of cultivated lands in Jiaozuo City as an example,multiple scenarios CVM was adopted.[Results]（1）WTP and WTA have selection dissimilarity.In different scenarios,WTA of farmer households and town residents is higher than WTP;（2）WTP and WTA have distribution dissimilarity.In different scenarios,the cumulative probability distribution curves of WTP are significantly above WTA;（3）WTP and WTA have asymmetry on the degree of dispersion.The dispersion degree of WTA is significantly higher than WTP,and the pay-interval of WTA is larger than the repay-interval of WTP;（4）The ratio of WTP and WTA has asymmetry.In different scenarios,the farmer households＇ ratio of WTP and WTA is larger than the town residents＇,which shows town residents are more reasonable than farmer households when consumed.[Conclusion]According to holding effect,nonuniqueness of the cultivated land ecological benefits and fluctuating dissimilarity of the ratio of WTP and WTA,this research chooses WTP as the cultivated land ecological benefits measurement indicator based on the asymmetry and dissimilarity of WTP and WTA under three scenarios.