云南省砚山县石漠化区域植被修复的物种配置研究

Species Configuration for Vegetation Restoration of Rocky Desertification Area in Yanshan County of Yunnan Province

[目的]对石漠化区域人工植被恢复的物种配置方案进行研究,为恢复石漠化地区的生态服务功能,遏制水土流失提供技术支撑。[方法]通过对砚山县不同等级石漠化区域的植被进行实地调查,选取并查明无明显石漠化、潜在石漠化和轻度石漠化3类小区域植物群落结构特征及各物种在群落中的地位。[结果]清香木、栓皮栎是乔木层优势种,火棘、野花椒是灌木层优势种,茅草为草本层优势种,葛藤为藤本植物优势种,它们均具有极为重要的生态价值和经济价值。[结论]结合当地实际情况,提出采用各层乡土优势种并结合引进物种山葡萄等进行石漠化山地乔灌草藤搭配为适合人工植被修复的物种配置方案。

[Objective] This article aims to put forward a reasonable scheme on species configuration of artificial vegetation in rocky area, which is expected to be a technical support for restoring ecological systems and preventing water and soil loss. [Methods] According to the investigation on different grade vegetation in rocky desertification areas of Yanshan County of Yunnan Province, three types of species, which grow in the no rocky desertification, potential rocky desertification and mild desertification, are selected, and the community structure feature and their status in the community are analyzed. [Results] The dominant species in the different community are all recognized, such as Pistacia weinmanni folia and Quercus variabilis of arborous layer, Pyracantha fortuneana and Zanthoacylum simulans of shrub layer, Thatch of herb layer, Pueraria lobata of vine. They had an extremely important ecological and economic value. [Conclusion]According to the local condition, we proposed a reasonable species configuration scheme which combines the local dominant species of each layer and introduced species, such as Vitis arnurensis by mixing mountain grass and shrub in the rocky desertification mountain.