试评近年日本对缅甸官方发展援助政策

Japanese “Official Development Assistance” Policy towards Myanmar after the Democratic Reforms in the Country

在缅甸着手推进政治改革后,日本随即重启了对缅甸的日元贷款项目,这标志着日本对缅甸的官方发展援助政策发生了重大转变。日本对缅官方发展援助政策转变的背后有着深远的战略考量:推动缅甸的民主化进程、提升日本在缅的战略影响力以及打开缅甸尚未完全开发的市场。日本对缅官方发展援助推动了日缅关系的快速发展,但日本企图通过官方发展援助实现自身利益的战略却将面临日本经济低迷、美国对缅政策以及缅甸政治改革前景等因素的制约。日本未来的对缅官方发展援助政策最终还要取决于日缅之间的战略互动。

After Myanmar's democratic reforms,Japan restarted its loan projects in Burma. This marks a major shift in Japan's official development assistance policy towards the country. Japanese strategic consideration is that Japan wants to further promote Burma's 'democratization process',expand its strategic influence in Myanmar and open the local market in the country. Although the ODA has promoted the Japan- Myanmar relations,there are still some constraining factors,including the continuous weakening Japanese economy,U. S. 'Myanmar policy and the uncertain future of the democratic reforms in the country. Thus,Japanese ODA policy towards Myanmar will still depend on the strategic interaction between Japan and Myanmar.