无锡市盆底功能障碍性疾病的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation on pelvic floor dysfunction in Wuxi city

目的：调查盆底功能障碍性疾病（PFD）的流行病学特征及相关危险因素。方法：采用问卷调查和常规体检方式,选取2011年9月～2013年6月在该院妇科就诊的2 655例患者为研究对象,通过检查获得临床资料进行分析。结果：2655例中651例患有PFD,患病率24.52%。其中盆腔器官脱垂（POP）患者349例,患病率13.15%;压力性尿失禁（SUI）302例,患病率11.37%。无生育史的女性PFD发生率低,有生育史的女性PFD发生率明显高,而选择阴道分娩的女性发生率高于剖宫产分娩的女性。随着年龄增加,PFD发生率也随之上升。PFD对患者的生活质量产生不同程度的影响,产次多、年龄高、患有便秘、阴道分娩、产程延长、子宫切除术均为POP和SUI的危险因素,绝经是POP的危险因素,会阴裂伤是SUI的危险因素。结论：PFD在该市女性人群中较为常见,会对患者的生活质量产生影响,应引起高度重视。

Objective： To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of pelvic floor dysfunction in Wuxi city. Methods： Questionnaire survey and routine physical examination were performed, 2 655 patients treated in Department of Gynecology in the hospital from September 2011 to June 2013 were selected as study objects, the chnical data was analyzed. Results： Among 2 655 patients, 651 patients were diagnosed as PFD, the incidence rate was 24. 52%, including 349 patients with pelvic organ prolapse （ 13.15% ） and 302 patients with stress urinary incontinence （SUI） （ 11.37% ） . The incidence rate of PFD among the women without childbearing history was low, while incidence rate of PFD among the women with childbearing history was high; the incidence rate of PFD among the women adopting vaginal delivery was higher than that adopting cesarean section. The incidence rate of PFD increased with age. PFD had impact on the quality of life of the patients to extent degrees, the risk factors of POP and SUI included multiple parity, advanced age, suffering from constipation, vaginal delivery, prolonged labor, and hysterectomy. Menopause was one of risk factors of POP, perineal laceration was one of risk factors of SUI. Conclusion： PFD is common in female population of Wuxi city, which will affect the quality of life of the patients, more attention should be paid to.