寒冷气候对正常妊娠和子痫前期胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白表达的影响

Effect of cold climate on expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in placenta of normal pregnant women and pregnant women with preeclampsia

目的：探讨寒冷气候对正常妊娠和子痫前期孕妇胎盘血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）mRNA及蛋白表达的影响;方法：选取2009年9月～2010年5月在该院住院的正常孕妇40例和子痫前期孕妇80例,按照传统节气分为冬季型气候组和过渡季型气候组,各组又分别分为正常妊娠组、轻度子痫前期组和重度子痫前期组。采用半定量RT-PCR及蛋白免疫印迹（Western-blot）法检测两组孕妇胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白表达。结果：同季节型中各组胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白表达量随病情加重呈上升趋势,正常妊娠组〈轻度子痫前期组〈重度子痫前期组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;冬季型正常妊娠组胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白表达水平与过渡季型气候正常妊娠组相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;冬季型轻度子痫前期组胎盘ACE mRNA表达高于过渡季型轻度子痫前期组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;冬季型轻度子痫前期组胎盘ACE蛋白表达高于过渡季型轻度子痫前期组,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;冬季型重度子痫前期组胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白表达高于过渡季型重度子痫前期组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：寒冷刺激会影响胎盘ACE mRNA及蛋白的表达,使胎盘肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）调节异常,从而进一步加重子痫前期的病情,这提示外界不良的气候条件是引发以及加重子痫前期病情的一个重要影响因素,其具体的影响机制还有待于进一步研究。

Objective： To explore the effect of cold climate on expressions of angiotensin converting enzyme （ACE） mRNA and protein in placenta of normal pregnant women and pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods： Forty normal pregnant women and eighty pregnant women with preeclampsia treated in the hospital from September 2009 to May 2010 were selected and divided into winter group and transition season group according to traditional solar terms, then the two groups were further divided into normal pregnancy group, mild pre- eclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in placenta. Results： There were statistically significant differences in the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in placenta among normal pregnant group, mild preeclampsia group, and severe preeclampsia group in the same season group, which increased with aggravation of the disease （P〈0. 05 ） ; in normal pregnancy group, there was no statistically significant difference in the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein between winter group and transition season group （ P〉0. 05 ） ; in mild preeclampsia group, ACE mRNA expression in winter group was statistically significantly higher than that in transition season group （P〈0. 01 ） ; in mild preeclampsia group, ACE protein in winter group was higher than that in transition season group, but there was no statistically significant difference （P〉0. 05） ; in severe pre- eclampsia group, the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein in winter group were statistically significantly higher than those in transition season group （P〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion： Cold climate can affect the expressions of ACE mRNA and protein, induce dysregulation of RAS, further aggravate the disease, which indicates that adverse climate is one of important influencing factors of inducing and aggravating pre- eclampsia, the specific mechanism needs further studies.