论江苏东部麦区赤霉病流行成因与监控对策

The Population Reasons and Control Measures of Wheat Scab in the East of Jiangsu

21世纪以来江苏东部麦区小麦赤霉病,流行频率增加,发生危害程度加重,已成为一种常发性病害。笔者简要回顾了江苏东部小麦赤霉病的发生概况,总结了近十多年来小麦赤霉病的发生特点,阐述了菌源数量、气候条件、栽培方式、品种抗性、病菌抗药性等方面是病害流行的主要因素。提出了加强抗性监测和病情预警、推广种植抗耐病品种、压缩直播稻种植面积、科学开展化学防治、推进统防统治等一系列措施和对策,为小麦赤霉病的防治提供科学依据,最后对小麦赤霉病的监控进行了小结和展望。

With the population frequency increasing and the harm degree aggravating this century, the wheat scab had become an often-onset disease in the east of Jiangsu. This paper reviewed occurrence synopsis of the wheat scab in the east of Jiangsu, summarized occurrence characteristics of wheat scab in the last ten years, and elaborated that quantity of fungus, climatic conditions, cultivation methods, cultivar resistance to wheat scab and fungicide resistance were researched to expound the population reasons. The author put forward a series of measures and countermeasures to provide the scientific basis for the control of wheat scab. For example, strengthening resistance monitoring and early warning, promoting and cultivating the disease resistant varieties, compressing the planting area of direct-seeded rice, carrying out chemical control scientifically, and realizing the unified prevention and governance to reduce disease and pest damage.