不同植物对KF的剂量反应及其伤害阈值和致死浓度

Dose-response of Different Plants on Potassium Fluoride and Acute Injury Thresholds and Lethal Concentrations

为确定不同植物受氟害后的表现症状以及氟污染对不同植物的伤害阈值及致死浓度,从而为氟污染防治提供理论依据,使用不同浓度的氟化钾溶液及氯化钾溶液处理多种植物幼苗和成熟枝叶,观察记录各种植物受氟害后的症状并检测不同浓度氟化钾处理后植物叶片氟含量。结果表明,用氟化钾溶液处理后,不同植物会出现不同的伤害症状。相同处理时段内,氟化钾浓度越高,植物伤害症状越明显,叶片氟含量越高;不同处理时段,氟化钾对植物的伤害阈值及致死浓度不一样,但植物开始出现伤害症状以及死亡时叶片氟含量基本一致。同样条件的氯化钾溶液处理后,植物无明显伤害症状出现,说明氟的存在不利于植物的正常生长。根据氟化钾的处理浓度、时间及对植物的伤害程度,确定了氟化钾对各种植物幼苗及成熟枝叶的伤害阈值及致死浓度。

In order to confirm the symptoms, acute injury thresholds and lethal concentrations of plantscontaminated by fluorine, and provide theoretical basis for fluorine pollution prevention, the author treatedplant seedlings and mature branches by KF solution and KCl solution of different concentrations, observed andrecorded damage symptoms and measured fluorine contents of leaves. The results implied that different plantshad different damage symptoms after culturing by KF solution. In the same processing time, the higher KFconcentration, the more obvious damage they exhibited and higher fluorine content was found in leaves. Indifferent processing times, KF caused different acute injury thresholds and lethal concentrations on the sameplant, but the fluorine content in leaves was basically the same when the plant began to appear injurysymptoms or died. However, using KCl solution to cultivate plants seedlings and mature branches in the samecondition caused no obvious damage symptom. It indicated that fluorine was harmful to the growth of plants.The acute injury thresholds and lethal concentrations of KF were determined according to the concentrations ofKF and the time and degree of damage to plant.