职业紧张与非致死性职业伤害关系的研究

The relationship between job strain and non-fatal occupational unintentional injuries

目的评价职业紧张和非致死性职业伤害的关系。方法采用1：1配比的病例-对照调查设计,以2013年10—12月在中山市6家工伤定点医院收治的151名职业意外伤害工人和151名经年龄、性别、工种匹配且在过去一年无意外伤害的同事为调查对象,运用工作内容问卷（Job Content Questionnaire,JCQ）测量职业紧张。结果两组工人的职业紧张包括自主性维度与工作要求维度与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。社会支持方面,上级支持维度得分两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。使用多因素COX回归拟合条件logistic回归分析结果显示,工作需求高（OR=1.27,95%CI=1.15-1.42）是职业性意外伤害的危险因素,而工作自主性高（OR=0.82,95%CI=0.74-0.91）及上级支持较高（OR=0.84,95%CI=0.69-1.00）是职业性意外伤害的保护因素。结论职业紧张对非致死性职业伤害的发生存在影响。

[Objective]To evaluate the relationship between job strain and non-fatal occupational unintentional injuries.[Methods]A matched case-control study with 151 cases of occupational unintentional injury from 6 injury-admitted hospitals in Zhongshan City from October to December of 2013 and 151 matched controls was conducted. A Job Content Questionnaire was conducted to investigate job strain.[Results]The scores of autonomy and job requires dimensions of job strain in case group were higher than that in control group （all P〈0.05 ）. Cox regression analysis results showed that higher job demand （0R=1.27,95% CI= 1.15-1.42 ） was the risk factor for non-fatal occupational unintentional injuries, while higher decision authority（OR=0.82,95% CI=0.74-0.91 ） and superior support （0R=0.82,95%C=0.67-1.02） were the protective factors.[Conclusion]The job strain has influence on the occurrence of occupational injuries.