延安市区学龄前儿童体格发育状况的调查

Investigation on physical development status of preschool children in Yan'an urban area

目的了解延安市区学龄前儿童生长发育状况,为促进不同年龄阶段小儿的正常生长发育提供依据。方法按照儿童体格测量方法测量儿童的身高、体重、坐高、胸围4项形态指标,运用SPSS 11.0统计软件进行分析,并以2005年全国城区7岁以下儿童体格发育调查表作为标准参考值进行比较。结果 485名延安市区学龄前儿童5.5-6.0岁年龄组身高（男、女）与2005年标准值比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,6.0-7.0岁年龄组身高、体重（男、女）差异亦具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,男童5.5-6.0岁年龄组胸围与标准值差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,女童在4.5-6.0岁年龄组与标准值差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;体重指数（BMI）与年龄变化无关,克托莱指数随年龄增加而增加,身高胸围指数随年龄增加而减小,且与2005年全国同龄儿正常男女童标准比较,3项指数差异均无统计学意义。结论延安市区学龄前儿童生长发育状况良好。

[Objective]To understand the growth development status of preschool children in Yan＇an urban area, provide the basis for improving the normal growth and development of children in different age stage.[Methods]The levels of height, body weight, sitting height and chest circumference were measured by the children＇s physical measurement method. The results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software, and were compared with the standard reference value from the National survey on physical development of children under 7 years old in urban areas in 2005. [Results]A total of 485 preschool children in Yan＇an urban area were investigated. In 5.5-6.0 year-old age group, there were statistically significant differences in height between the investigated results （both of boys and girls） and standard reference values （P〈0.05）. In 6.0-7.0 year-old age group, the differences in height and body weight （both of boys and girls） were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. As for the chest circumference, there was statistically significant difference between 5.5-6.0 year-old boys results and standard reference values （P〈0.05）, while the difference between 4.5-6.0 year-old gifts results and standard reference values was statistically significant（P〈0.05 ）. There was no relationship between BMI and age, and Quetelet index increased with increasing of age, while the body height to chest circumference index decreased with increasing of age. There were no statistically significant differences in these three indexes between the investigated resuhs and standard reference values in all age and sex groups. [Conclusion]The growth development status of oreschool children in Yan＇an urban area is satisfactory.