2009-2013年连云港市海州区水痘疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of varicella in Haizhou District of Lianyungang City from 2009-2013

目的分析海州区2009—2013年水痘流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2009—2013年水痘报告和疫情监测资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果2009—2013年共报告水痘病例673例,年平均发病率为56.95/10万,无死亡病例;发病率存在地区差异,城区显著高于城乡接合部,农村最低;水痘的发病高峰为3—6月及11月至次年1月;发病年龄多集中在4-9岁,占49.18%;职业以学生、幼托儿童及散居儿童为主,占89%,。结论海州区近几年水痘疫情呈现上升趋势;水痘发病有明显的地区性、季节性、性别差异;幼托儿童和学生是水痘的高发人群,应加强托幼机构及学校水痘疫情监测,及时采取隔离病例、接种水痘疫苗等控制措施,进一步降低水痘的发病率。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Haizhou District from 2009-2013, provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures. [Methods]The case reports and surveillance data of varicella from 2009-2013 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]A total of 673 varicella cases were reported from 2009-2013, the average annual incidence rate was 56.95/lakh, and there was no death case. There was a regional difference, the incidence rate in urban area was significantly higher than that iia rural-urban continuum, and that in rural area was the lowest. The peak seasons occurred in the periods of March to June and November to January of next year. 49.18% of patients were children aged 4-9 years old. Most of cases were students, kindergarten children and scattered children, accounting for 89%. [Conclusion]The epidemic situation of varicella shows a rising trend in Haizhou District in recent years. There are obvious regional, seasonal and gender differences in varicella cases. The students and kindergarten children have a higher incidence rate of varicella. It is necessary to strengthen the varicella surveillance in kindergartens and schools, and carry out the control measures, such as case isolation and varicella vaccination, to reduce the incidence rate of varicella.