地域与心域:论“北达科他州系列”中生态扩张对政治文化扩张的推进作用

Land and Heart:On the Impetus of Ecological Expansion to Political Cultural Colonization in“North Dakota Quartet”

作为有自觉生态意识与种族观念的印第安裔美国作家,露易斯·厄德里克的"北达科他州系列"以其文本丰富的生态与政治文化内蕴著称。基于后殖民生态批评理论,本文指出,"北达科他州系列"揭示了西方殖民者通过对生态扩张实现殖民扩张的隐秘路径。文本揭示,西方话语是通过对"荒野"概念的殖民定义突破了原住民文化传统的合法性,从而以生态扩张实现了对经济与种族文化的双重帝国殖民化。生态扩张本质上是打着促进社会发展和传播先进文明的旗帜进行的殖民扩张,摧毁当地原生生态系统乃至文化系统。此外,厄德里克"北达科他州系列"一方面对此生态扩张行径提出发聩抨击,同时也对其中的发展与文明的伦理悖论性提出开放性思考。

As a Native American writer deeply rooted in ecological awareness and racial consciousness,Louise Erdrich presented profound ecological, political and cultural connotation in her ＂North DakotaQuartet＂. From the perspective of postcolonial ecocriticism, this paper pointed out that European settlerspromoted their colonial expansion by boosting ecological expansion. By using the concept of terra incogni-ta, the Western settlers sabotaged the validity of Native American traditional wisdom, and achieved theircolonization of both economy and culture by colonizing the ecosystem. The paper also indicated that the na-ture of ecological expansion is a kind of colonization, which damaged the local ecosystem as well as the cul-tural system under the name of social development and civilization. Furthermore, this paper proposed thatLouise Erdrich condemned this ecological expansion in her ＂North Dakota Quartet＂ and evoked people＇sthoughts on the ethical paradox of development and civilization.