“尧舜禹抹杀论”与“古史辨”中的“疑古”思想——以白鸟库吉与顾颉刚对《禹贡》的考辨为中心

“Denying the Reality of Emperors Yao,Shun and Yu”and“Suspecting the Past”of School of Doubting Ancient History in China——A Comparison of Shiratori Kurakichi' s and Jiegang Gu' s Respective Research on Yu Gong

白鸟库吉是日本东洋文献学派的创立者,提出了著名的"尧舜禹抹杀论"。他带领其弟子对中国史展开了广泛的研究,并在中国东北史和朝鲜史研究中取得丰硕成果。顾颉刚是中国"古史辨"派的领袖,首倡民国"疑古"之风,后创办《禹贡》半月刊,掀起中国边疆史地的研究热潮。二者的研究似乎存在诸多相似之处。同时,二者学术起源之"疑古"观念亦存在某些共性特征。本文以顾氏与白鸟氏对《禹贡》的考辩为出发点,比较二者"疑古"思想的学术渊源、辨析方法与观点倾向,试图探究二者在学术上是否存在承继关系。

Shiratori Kurakichi,founder of the school of oriental literature study, has made an extensive study of Chinese history with the assistance of his students,after proposing the famous viewpoint of denying the reality of Three Emperors, i. e. Yao,Shun and Yu. He has obtained fruitful results especially in the historical study of northeast China and Korea. J iegang Gu,leader of the School of Doubting Ancient History in China,has initiated the trend of ＂suspecting the past＂ in historical research. He also established a popular magazine Yu Gong which issued semimonthly. This very magazine has popularized the study of borderland history of China. There are many common features between Shiratori and Gu＇s research careers. Moreover, both of their academic studies derived from the idea of suspecting the past. This article attempts to compare their attitudes toward Yu Gong, and find out the theoretical origin of the research method of ＂suspecting the past＂ ,and hammer out ways to discriminate their methods and inclinations. Therefore, we may figure out whether there is an academical inheritance relationship between these two scholars.