山鹿素行“异端对策”成立的再检讨

A Reappraisal on the Tenability of Yamaga Soko' s“Countermeasure against Heresies”

山鹿素行认为,以佛教和天主教为代表的异端势力得以在近世日本大行其道的原因,是圣人之道受到了异端在意识形态(道德)和社会规范(风俗)双方面的挑战和侵蚀,所以"人其人、火其书、庐其居"的暴力手段,并不能从根本上解决问题。因此,山鹿素行从根本原因出发,提出了以道德风俗的画一化为主要内容的异端对策。而这样一种异端对策的成立是在素行受容了明代儒学者丘濬的异端批判思想的基础上得以完成的。

Yamaga Sokou considered the reason of the prevalence of heresies like Buddhism and Catholicism in Early Modern Japan as the way of the sage was faced with challenges and corruption from heterodoxy on both ideological （ethnical） and social regulation＇s （conventional） dimensions so that violent methods such as ＂Unfrocking the friars and monks,burning their scriptures and turning their temples into folk houses＂ cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Therefore,Yamaga advanced a countermeasure against heresies proceeding from the root cause with the main content of unifying ethnic and convention, whose accomplishment is based on the reception of a theory of heterodoxy criticism proposed by a Confucian scholar from the Ming Dynasty named Qiu Jun.