2010—2013年岳阳市麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of measles in Yueyang City from 2010-2013

目的通过了解岳阳市麻疹流行病学特征,为该市消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法利用Excel 2010对收集的岳阳市2010—2013年麻疹发病数据进行分析。结果岳阳市2010—2013年报告麻疹确诊病例301例,年平均报告发病率为1.32/10万（301/22 872 291）。其中,男性报告发病193例,女性报告发病108例,男女发病性别比为1.79∶1;散居儿童发病占80.73%（243/301）,其次为托幼儿童占4.65%（14/301）;〈8月龄和8-17月龄病例数分别占所有报告病例数的36.88%（111/301）和31.56%（95/301）;8-17月龄病例（95例）中有64例含麻疫苗接种剂次为0,占该年龄段报告病例的67.37%;18-23月龄病（17例）例中有13例含麻疫苗接种剂次为0,占76.4%,2例含麻疫苗接种剂次为1,占11.76%。结论岳阳市应加强婴幼儿的常规免疫工作,做好麻疹疫苗的强化免疫和查漏补种工作,以达消除麻疹之目标。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Yueyang City, provide a scientific basis for measles elimination, [Methods]The epidemic data of measles in Yueyang City from 2010-2013 were analyzed by Excel 2010. [Results]A total of 301 measles cases were reported in Yueyang City from 2010-2013, with the verage annual incidence rate of 1.32/lakh （301/22872291）. There were 193 male cases and 108 female cases, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.79：1. 80.73% （243/301） of cases were scattered children, followed by preschool children （4.65%, 14/301 ）. The cases under 8 months old and aged 8-17 months old accounted 36.88%（ 111/301 ） and 31.56%（95/301 ） respectively. 64 of 95 cases aged 8-17 months old had not been inoculated against the measles, accounting for 67.37% of all cases in this age group. Among 17 cases aged 18-23 months old, 13 cases had not been inoculated against the measles, accounting for 76.4%, and 2 cases had received the measles vaccine for only one dose, accounting for 11.76%. [Conclusion]In Yueyang City, it is necessary to strengthen the routine immunization among infants, and carry out the supplementary immunization and revaccination of measles vaccine, to achieve the goal of eliminating measles.