白斑狗鱼冬季生长性能评价及选育系现实遗传力的初步估计

Study on winter growth performance and realized heritability in selection strain of Esox lucius

利用2012年培育的白斑狗鱼（Esox lucius）鱼种当年10月15日至翌年4月20日间体重的测定数据,对白斑狗鱼冬季生长速度进行了分析。结果显示,试验期间白斑狗鱼平均增重（235.20±97.52）g,绝对增重率为1.26 g/d,瞬时增重率0.22%/d,证明白斑狗鱼鱼种与主要养殖鱼类鱼种相比具有明显的冬季生长优势。利用新疆水产科学研究所濒危水生野生动物救护中心对2012年繁育的白斑狗鱼快速生长系F1代4个性状（体重、体长、体高及体厚）的测定数据,对生长性能进行了评价,并初步估算了现实遗传力。结果显示：经130 d的养殖,选育系的绝对增重率和瞬时增重率均高于对照系,选育系生长速度比对照系提高了10.54%,且选育系还有很大的遗传改良潜力;体重、体长、体高及体厚4个性状早期的现实遗传力在0.16~0.18间,显示遗传力较低,因此利用家系选育对白斑狗鱼进行遗传改良可能取得良好效果。

To examine the winter growth rate of Esox lucius hatching in the same year , the body weight data from October 15 to April 20 were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the average weight gain was （235.20±97.52 ） g, the absolute growth rate was 1.26 g/d, and the instantaneous growth rate was 0.22% during the test , indicating that the E.lucius had an obvious growth advantages than other cultured fishes in winter .Four characters including body weight , body length, body height and body width were mearsured in rapid growth strain （F1） of nothern pike, the growth performance was evaluated and realized heritability was estimated .The results showed that both absolute growth rate and instantaneous growth rate of selection strain were higher than those of contrast strain , the growth rate improved 10.54%.The coefficient variation of weight was larger in selection strain , suggesting that there was still high genetic variation , the genetic improvement potentail was good in selection strain .The realized heritability of four characters varied from 0.16 to 0.18 , showing a low heritability.Therefore, pedigree breeding for genetic improvement in northern pike could achieve good results .