公共服务均等化的经济思想变迁与反思

The Economic Thought Development and Rethinking of Equalization of Public Services

公共服务均等化的经济思想变迁经历了理论探讨、理论优化、理论操作化和理论工具化四个发展阶段,逐步由经济学研究的边缘趋向主流,由纯粹的理论探讨转向政策工具的选择。由于受到理论自身发展不成熟、政府财政资源及其管理水平的约束、效率损失等因素的影响,公共服务均等化经济思想与政策实践缺乏紧密联系。公共服务均等化的经济思想演变历程和实践探索都表明,在积极追求社会公平的过程中,应在价值导向、服务内容、均等目标、资金保障、体系建设等方面尽量减少效率损失,这对构建中国公共服务均等化体系具有重要的启示和借鉴意义。

The economic thought development of equalization of public services experienced four stages of theoretical discussion, theoretical optimization, theoretical operation, and theoretical tool. It develops from the edge to main stream of economic study, and from the pure theoretical discussion to policy tool choice step by step. Due to the immature theoretical development, realistic financial resources and management level constraints and efficiency loss etc., the economic thought of public services equalization is inconsistent with the policy practice. The theoretical evolution and practical exploration of the economic thought development of equalization of public services all indicate that it should reduce efficiency loss during the process of pursuing social equity. It of great necessity to minimize the efficiency loss in the aspects of value orientation, service contents, equal object, financial security and system construction, which is a great reference for constructing Chinese system of equalization of public services.