普通法方法下国际投资仲裁中的质疑仲裁员标准释析--以仲裁庭对“明显”的解释为线索

The Interpretation and Analysis for Standard of Disqualifying Arbitrators under the Common Law Approach in International Investment Arbitration: According to the Interpretation of the Word “Manifest”Given by Tribunal

国际投资仲裁中,引入普通法方法,旨在以动态、发展、联系的视角,研判既定裁决逻辑演进之趋势,从中抽象出法律渊源和法律标准,得以为质疑仲裁员案件的后续裁决提供借鉴。以仲裁庭对"明显"一词的诠释为线索,可以发现:质疑仲裁员标准经历了从"几乎确定"、"合理怀疑"到"客观证据"的变化,总趋势由严格——宽松——回归严格。适用普通法方法梳理国际投资既定裁决中的裁判标准,有利于在后续裁决中促进国际投资法的和谐发展,形成良性循环。依此路径,学界有关国际投资仲裁"裁决不一致"、"合法性危机"的质疑迎刃而解,国际投资仲裁机制也可健康发展。

Bringing in the Common law approach in international investment arbitration aims to explore the evolutionary tendency of judgmental logic in a way of development and connection, then abstracting the legal source and legal standard from the judgment. According to the interpretation of the word ＂manifest＂ given by tribunal, the standards of disqualifying arbitrators evolve from ＂quasi-certain＂ to ＂reasonable doubt＂ then to ＂objective evidence＂, the general trend varies from strict to loose then to strict. Using the common law approach to conclude and systematically process standards in the awards, it benefits the future awards for ease of their development and deepen on this basis so as to form a virtuous cycle. In this way, the mechanism of international investment arbitration develops healthily, problems such as ＂inconsistent awards＂ and ＂legitimate crisis＂ could be solved.